Start with bismillah.

Ask: "When someone gives you a really big gift, how do you say thank you?"

Watch the short NASA video of one whole year of the Earth turning, seen from far out in space (it has background music). Every turn brings a new day, and new prayer times.

Now listen to the ayah together in the app, with the translation. Ask: "What two things does this ayah ask us to do?"

Each child keeps one wonder question, for example: "Why do prayer times change a little every day?" Younger children can draw theirs.

Find it in the mushaf: Surah Al-Kawthar is surah 108. Find ayah 2. It begins with a word meaning "so" or "therefore". What does that tell us about how it is linked to ayah 1?

Fact: Why do prayer times change a little from day to day?

Ages 5–8: Shadow clock. Push a stick into the ground in a sunny spot. Mark the end of its shadow at Zuhr time and again at Asr time. What changed?

Ages 9–12: Prayer-time tracker. Copy the five prayer times from a timetable every day for one week. Which prayer time changed the most? Why do you think so?

Finish with: "I found that ___ time changed by ___ minutes in one week."

Talk together:

• Why do you think prayer is a way of saying thank you to Allah?
• Which name of Allah does this remind you of?
• What could we give for Allah's sake: food, time, help?
• How do Muslim families share food with others at Eid al-Adha?
• If you could ask an ustaz or ustazah one question about this, what would it be?

Make a small plan: "This week, I will pray ___ on time and give ___ to ___."

• Put your plan into action, then tell someone how it went.
• Show your shadow marks or prayer-time chart to someone at home.
• Help your family choose something to give to someone in need.
• Next time: the last ayah of the surah (108:3) brings comfort to the Prophet. Explore it together!

Action: Pray one prayer on time today.